Every election cycle, executive orders dominate the news, welcomed by some as bold leadership and criticized by others as overreach. But what exactly is an executive order, and how much power does it really carry? Understanding how they work helps cut through the noise and see the legal reality behind the politics.

An executive order is a legally binding directive issued by the President (or a state governor) to manage the operations of government agencies. These orders can shape how existing laws are enforced, direct funding priorities, or establish task forces. They’re a powerful tool, but they are not laws themselves and they can’t override legislation passed by Congress.

For example, a president might issue an executive order to direct federal agencies to enforce environmental standards more strictly, but they can’t unilaterally ban fossil fuels without congressional approval.

Importantly, executive orders are subject to judicial review. Courts can, and do, strike them down if they exceed legal authority or violate constitutional rights. Many high-profile orders in recent years have been blocked, delayed, or limited by the courts, illustrating the checks and balances built into our system. So, while executive orders can grab headlines and shift short-term policy, they often face legal, political, and practical constraints.